Pár A, Jávor T
Acta Physiol Hung. 1984;64(3-4):409-23.
Three correlating fields of hepatoprotection have been reviewed: (1) "classic" gastrointestinal cytoprotection: (2) effects via the mixed function mono-oxidase enzyme system: (3) the role of the free radical scavengers and lipid peroxidation inhibiting agents. Gastrointestinal cytoprotection was originally defined in experimentally induced gastric mucosal injuries where several members of the prostaglandin group proved to be effective. Their capacity to increase the stability of biomembranes can be manifested also in hepatocytes, as PGE2 and PGI2 prevent the CCl4-toxicity in experimental animals. Induction of the mono-oxidase system (e.g. with barbiturates or with antioestrogens) may be useful by increasing bilirubin excretion and the biotransformation activity as well as possible by enhancing protein synthesis in liver cells. Inhibition of the mono-oxidases, on the other hand, can prevent the transformation of toxic substances into even more toxic metabolites and the production of free radicals. Free radical scavengers and inhibitors of lipid peroxidation play a central role in hepatoprotection. A flavonoid substance, (+)-cyanidanol-3 possessing many of the mentioned effects may be a promising alternative in the therapy of liver disease.
（1）“经典”胃肠道细胞保护；（2）通过混合功能单加氧酶系统发挥的作用；（3）自由基清除剂和脂质过氧化抑制剂的作用。胃肠道细胞保护最初是在实验诱导的胃黏膜损伤中定义的，其中前列腺素类的几个成员被证明是有效的。它们增加生物膜稳定性的能力也可在肝细胞中表现出来，因为PGE2和PGI2可防止实验动物出现四氯化碳毒性。诱导单加氧酶系统（如使用巴比妥类药物或抗雌激素）可能是有益的，因为它可以增加胆红素排泄和生物转化活性，还可能增强肝细胞中的蛋白质合成。另一方面，抑制单加氧酶可以防止有毒物质转化为毒性更强的代谢产物以及自由基的产生。自由基清除剂和脂质过氧化抑制剂在肝脏保护中起着核心作用。一种具有许多上述作用的黄酮类物质（+）-氰定醇-3可能是肝病治疗中一种有前景的替代药物。
