Hallman N
Monatsschr Kinderheilkd. 1980 Nov;128(11):682-4.
In the light of present knowledge, the routine screening for renal disease in the pediatric age group is not generally indicated. Asymptomatic proteinuria and microscopic hematuria are common but generally harmless, and only in exceptional cases do they indicate a latent progressive renal disease that could be influenced by early treatment. The finding of asymptomatic bacteriuria in the school age is associated with vesicoureteral reflux and pyelonephritic scars in one-third of the cases. Medical treatment of all cases with bacteriuria in this age group does not, however, seem justified. Screening for urinary tract infection would thus appear sensible only during the first years of life. However, with the presently available methods they are technically difficult and expensive. Examination of the urine is, of course, indicated in all children with suspected infectious disease or failure to thrive, and repeated studies are often advisable.
根据目前的知识，一般不建议对儿童年龄组进行常规肾病筛查。无症状蛋白尿和镜下血尿很常见，但通常无害，只有在极少数情况下才表明存在潜在的进行性肾病，早期治疗可能会对其产生影响。学龄期发现无症状菌尿的病例中，三分之一与膀胱输尿管反流和肾盂肾炎瘢痕有关。然而，对该年龄组所有菌尿病例进行药物治疗似乎并不合理。因此，仅在生命的最初几年进行尿路感染筛查似乎是明智的。然而，就目前可用的方法而言，它们在技术上难度大且成本高。当然，所有疑似传染病或发育不良的儿童都需要进行尿液检查，并且经常建议进行重复检查。
