Grundmann E, Roessner A, Immenkamp M
Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol Incl Mol Pathol. 1981;36(2-3):257-73. doi: 10.1007/BF02912071.
Ultrastructural studies in 26 osteosarcomas of high grade malignancy which were in diverse locations and of varied histological types revealed seven different tumor cell types. They were characterized by their features as follows: 1) anaplastic cells of malignant blast structure: 2) osteoblastic cells -- some of them with dot-like intranuclear bodies; 3) osteocyte-like cells surrounded by mineralized matrix; 4) fibroblast-like cells; 5) cells of myofibroblastic differentiation; 6) chondroblast-like cells in chondroblastic areas, and even 7) angioblastic cells that may be differentiated from the angioblastic and endothelial structures of capillaries. Histogenetically, osteosarcoma may be derived from stromal mesenchymal cells with a potential for differentiation into these seven tumor cell types, any tumor including, however, the osteoblastic and the osteocyte-like cells with tumor osteoid. This matrix serves as the specific criterion for identifying a tumor as "osteosarcoma", but almost every osteosarcoma of high grade malignancy will show these seven tumor cell types. The predominance of one or the other cell in the population may provide the basic information for achieving a cytologic subclassification of osteosarcoma in order to obtain relevant morphologic criteria in terms of prognosis.
对26例发生于不同部位、具有不同组织学类型的高度恶性骨肉瘤进行超微结构研究，发现了七种不同的肿瘤细胞类型。它们具有以下特征：1）恶性原始结构的间变细胞；2）成骨细胞——其中一些有成核点状小体；3）被矿化基质包围的骨细胞样细胞；4）成纤维细胞样细胞；5）肌纤维母细胞分化的细胞；6）软骨母细胞区域的软骨母细胞样细胞，甚至7）可能由毛细血管的成血管细胞和内皮结构分化而来的成血管细胞。从组织发生学上讲，骨肉瘤可能起源于具有分化为这七种肿瘤细胞类型潜能的基质间充质细胞，不过任何肿瘤，包括具有肿瘤类骨质的成骨细胞和骨细胞样细胞。这种基质是将肿瘤鉴定为“骨肉瘤”的特定标准，但几乎每例高度恶性骨肉瘤都会显示出这七种肿瘤细胞类型。群体中一种或另一种细胞的优势可能为实现骨肉瘤的细胞学亚分类提供基本信息，以便根据预后获得相关的形态学标准。
