Gram L F
Encephale. 1982;8(2):291-8.
The practical utilization of clinical pharmacokinetics data are fundamentally different for benzodiazepines and antidepressants. This difference is a consequence of the difference in time-course of action of the two types of drugs. The anxiolytic, sedative or hypnotic effect of benzodiazepines is usually immediate, and the dose can be titrated on the basis of effect measurements. Pharmacokinetic data on benzodiazepines thus in particular are important for design of dose, dose intervals and prediction (warning) about possible accumulation after repeated doses. Different benzodiazepines differ in pharmacokinetic properties, and the clinician should be aware of these differences in order to select the proper drug for a given purpose. Antidepressants are characterized by exerting their effect gradually ovec weeks. It has been shown that the therapeutic effect is related to the steady state plasma concentration which may vary considerably among patients on a standard dose. A major significance of pharmacokinetics of antidepressants thus is, that therapy guided by monitoring of plasma levels of active compounds will improve both safety and efficacy of the treatment. For antidepressants and for benzodiazepines knowledge of the pharmacokinetics is the basis of designing rational dose schedules that take influencing factors such as age, disease, concurrent treatment, etc. into account.
苯二氮䓬类药物和抗抑郁药临床药代动力学数据的实际应用存在根本差异。这种差异是这两类药物作用时程不同的结果。苯二氮䓬类药物的抗焦虑、镇静或催眠作用通常是即时的，剂量可根据效应测量进行滴定。因此，苯二氮䓬类药物的药代动力学数据对于剂量设计、给药间隔以及预测（警示）重复给药后可能的蓄积尤为重要。不同的苯二氮䓬类药物药代动力学特性不同，临床医生应了解这些差异，以便为特定目的选择合适的药物。抗抑郁药的特点是其作用在数周内逐渐发挥。已表明治疗效果与稳态血浆浓度有关，在标准剂量下，不同患者的稳态血浆浓度可能有很大差异。因此，抗抑郁药药代动力学的一个主要意义在于，通过监测活性化合物的血浆水平来指导治疗将提高治疗的安全性和有效性。对于抗抑郁药和苯二氮䓬类药物，药代动力学知识是设计合理给药方案的基础，这些方案要考虑年龄、疾病、同时进行的治疗等影响因素。
