McKearney J W
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1982;77(2):156-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00431939.
Squirrel monkeys were studied under fixed-interval schedules of reinforcement in which the first response (lever press) after a fixed period time resulted either in the delivery of a food pellet or in the termination of stimuli associated with impending electric shock delivery. Benztropine mesylate (0.03-1.7 mg/kg), promethazine HCl (0.3-10 mg/kg), and diphenhydramine HCl (0.3-17 mg/kg) all produced marked increases in responding at intermediate doses. The increases in responding were at least as great as those observed with psychomotor stimulants, such as amphetamine, in this species under similar behavioral conditions. Benztropine was most potent and diphenhydramine was least potent in most monkeys and, in some, promethazine and diphenhydramine were about equipotent. The order of potency and the magnitude of potency differences among the drugs suggest that the behavioral effects were due to antagonist actions at histamine H1 receptors, rather than to effects on dopamine uptake or on muscarinic receptors.
松鼠猴在固定间隔强化程序下接受研究，在此程序中，在一段固定时间后的首次反应（按压杠杆）会导致一粒食物丸的发放，或者导致与即将发放电击相关的刺激终止。甲磺酸苯扎托品（0.03 - 1.7毫克/千克）、盐酸异丙嗪（0.3 - 10毫克/千克）和盐酸苯海拉明（0.3 - 17毫克/千克）在中等剂量时均使反应显著增加。在相似行为条件下，该物种中，反应的增加至少与使用精神运动兴奋剂（如苯丙胺）时观察到的增加一样大。在大多数猴子中，苯扎托品效力最强，苯海拉明效力最弱，在一些猴子中，异丙嗪和苯海拉明效力大致相当。药物之间的效力顺序和效力差异大小表明，行为效应是由于对组胺H1受体的拮抗作用，而非对多巴胺摄取或毒蕈碱受体的作用。
