Kaste M, Kuurne T, Vilkki J, Katevuo K, Sainio K, Meurala H
Lancet. 1982 Nov 27;2(8309):1186-8. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(82)91203-x.
Of fourteen boxers with a mean age of 31 years who had been Finnish, Scandinavian, or European champions, only one showed deficits in neurological status and he and one other had had episodes of inappropriate behaviour which were attributed to boxing. However, computed tomography revealed pathological findings attributable to brain injury in four of six professional and one of eight amateur boxers. Two of the professionals and four of the amateurs had electroencephalographic abnormalities which may have been caused by brain injury. Twelve of the boxers had psychological test results which suggested brain injury, although only two professionals had definite deviation from normal. The results indicate that modern medical control of boxing cannot prevent chronic brain injuries but may create a dangerous illusion of safety. The only way to prevent brain injuries is to disqualify blows to the head.
在14名平均年龄为31岁、曾是芬兰、斯堪的纳维亚或欧洲冠军的拳击手中，只有一人存在神经功能状态缺陷，他和另外一人曾有过被认为与拳击有关的不当行为发作。然而，计算机断层扫描显示，6名职业拳击手中有4人以及8名业余拳击手中有1人有可归因于脑损伤的病理结果。2名职业拳击手和4名业余拳击手有脑电图异常，这可能是由脑损伤引起的。12名拳击手的心理测试结果提示有脑损伤，尽管只有2名职业拳击手有明确的偏离正常情况。结果表明，现代拳击医学管控无法预防慢性脑损伤，但可能制造出一种危险的安全错觉。预防脑损伤的唯一方法是取消头部击打资格。
