Kang Y H, West W L, George M
Anat Rec. 1983 Mar;205(3):251-62. doi: 10.1002/ar.1092050303.
Many reports have indicated that estrogens increase uterine guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) levels via increasing the activity of guanylate cyclase. In the present study, guanylate cyclase activity was studied cytochemically in the oviduct of immature rats 24 hours after one or two doses (20 micrograms/kg, subcutaneously) of diethylstilbestrol (DES), one dose per day. The reaction product indicating guanylate cyclase was localized in the plasma membrane of epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells of all DES-treated animals, but was absent from those of the vehicle control immature rats. The Golgi saccules of secretory cells and the periciliary membrane of ciliated cells were stained for the enzyme 24 hours after the first and second dose of DES, but the activity seemed diminished 24 hours after the second dose. Likewise, reaction product indicating guanylate cyclase was more prominent in the plasma membrane of epithelial cells of animals treated with one dose of DES than those animals treated with two doses of DES. However, in the endothelial and smooth muscle cells, guanylate cyclase activity increased after two doses of the estrogen. Further, pinocytotic vesicles or caveolae in these cells were also strongly stained for the enzyme after one and two doses of DES. These findings confirm the suggestion that guanylate cyclase plays a significant role in the growth, differentiation, and function (secretion and transport) of the oviduct.
许多报告表明，雌激素通过增加鸟苷酸环化酶的活性来提高子宫环磷酸鸟苷（cGMP）水平。在本研究中，对未成熟大鼠皮下注射一剂或两剂（20微克/千克）己烯雌酚（DES），每天一剂，24小时后采用细胞化学方法研究其输卵管中的鸟苷酸环化酶活性。在所有经DES处理的动物中，显示鸟苷酸环化酶的反应产物定位于上皮细胞、内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞的质膜，但在载体对照未成熟大鼠的这些细胞中则不存在。在首次和第二次注射DES后24小时，分泌细胞的高尔基体囊泡和纤毛细胞的纤毛周膜对该酶呈阳性染色，但在第二次注射后24小时活性似乎有所降低。同样，显示鸟苷酸环化酶的反应产物在接受一剂DES处理的动物上皮细胞质膜中比接受两剂DES处理的动物更明显。然而，在血管内皮和平滑肌细胞中，两剂雌激素后鸟苷酸环化酶活性增加。此外，在一次和两次注射DES后，这些细胞中的胞饮小泡或小窝对该酶也呈强阳性染色。这些发现证实了鸟苷酸环化酶在输卵管的生长、分化和功能（分泌和运输）中起重要作用的观点。
