Smolko M J, Kaplan G W, Brock W A
J Urol. 1983 Jun;129(6):1204-6. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)52643-9.
The records of 261 children who were treated surgically for cryptorchidism between 1975 and 1980 were reviewed to determine the incidence, exact location and results of treatment of nonpalpable testes. Of these 261 patients 71 had 80 nonpalpable testes (27 per cent). Of these 80 nonpalpable testes 17 (21 per cent) were determined to be absent at the time of thorough intra-abdominal and retroperitoneal exploration. Of the 63 testes found at surgical exploration 34 (56 per cent) were intra-abdominal (intraperitoneal), 10 (16 per cent) were in a preperitoneal position behind the internal inguinal ring, 15 (24 per cent) were canalicular and 4 (5 per cent) were located in the superficial inguinal area. Seventeen (27 per cent) testes were removed because of postpubertal age, testicular atrophy or anatomic deformity inconsistent with an attempt at orchiopexy. In the remaining testes the success rate of orchiopexy was compared on the basis of the original anatomic location of the testis and the type of surgical procedure performed. Of those testes deemed suitable for orchiopexy 89 per cent in a preperitoneal or more distal location and 74 per cent of intraperitoneal testes were placed successfully in the scrotum.
回顾了1975年至1980年间接受隐睾手术治疗的261名儿童的记录，以确定不可触及睾丸的发病率、确切位置和治疗结果。在这261例患者中，71例有80个不可触及的睾丸（27%）。在这80个不可触及的睾丸中，17个（21%）在彻底的腹腔内和腹膜后探查时被确定为缺失。在手术探查中发现的63个睾丸中，34个（56%）位于腹腔内（腹膜内），10个（16%）位于腹股沟内环后方的腹膜前位置，15个（24%）位于小管内，4个（5%）位于腹股沟浅区。17个（27%）睾丸因青春期后年龄、睾丸萎缩或与睾丸固定术尝试不一致的解剖畸形而被切除。在其余的睾丸中，根据睾丸的原始解剖位置和所进行的手术类型比较了睾丸固定术的成功率。在那些被认为适合进行睾丸固定术的睾丸中，位于腹膜前或更远端位置的睾丸有89%成功地被放置在阴囊中，腹腔内睾丸有74%成功放置。
