Allen S J, Benton J S, Goodhardt M J, Haan E A, Sims N R, Smith C C, Spillane J A, Bowen D M, Davison A N
J Neurochem. 1983 Jul;41(1):256-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb11837.x.
Atrophy with ageing of human whole brain, entire temporal lobe, and caudate nucleus was assessed in autopsy specimens, by biochemical techniques. Only the caudate nucleus showed changes. Markers for several neurotransmitter systems were also examined for changes with age. In neocortex and temporal lobe of human brain, small decreases were detected in markers of cholinergic nerve terminals, whereas a large decrease (79%) occurred in the caudate nucleus. Findings were similar in striatum from 3--33-month-old rats. No change occurred in binding of [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate by human samples. Markers of serotonergic terminals were also unchanged in human and rat brain. By contrast, binding of [3H]lysergic acid diethylamide and [3H]serotonin was decreased (32-81%) in human neocortex and temporal lobe, but not in caudate nucleus. A 43% loss of a marker of gamma-aminobutyrate terminals occurred in human neocortex, while [3H]muscimol binding increased (179%). No changes were detected in markers of catecholamine synapses in temporal lobe or rat striatum. Hence, with human ageing there appears to be a loss of markers of gamma-aminobutyrate neurones intrinsic to neocortex and acetylcholine cells intrinsic to the caudate nucleus, as well as a change in postsynaptic serotonin receptors in neocortex. These losses are accompanied by relative preservation of markers of ascending projections from basal forebrain and brain stem.
通过生化技术在尸检标本中评估了人类全脑、整个颞叶和尾状核随年龄增长的萎缩情况。只有尾状核出现了变化。还检查了几种神经递质系统的标志物随年龄的变化。在人类大脑的新皮层和颞叶中，胆碱能神经末梢标志物有小幅下降，而尾状核中则出现了大幅下降（79%）。在3至33个月大的大鼠纹状体中也有类似的发现。人类样本中[3H]喹核酯的结合没有变化。人类和大鼠大脑中血清素能末梢的标志物也没有变化。相比之下，[3H]麦角酸二乙胺和[3H]血清素在人类新皮层和颞叶中的结合下降（32% - 81%），但在尾状核中没有。人类新皮层中γ-氨基丁酸能末梢标志物损失了43%，而[3H]蝇蕈醇结合增加（179%）。在颞叶或大鼠纹状体中，儿茶酚胺突触标志物没有变化。因此，随着人类年龄的增长，新皮层固有的γ-氨基丁酸能神经元标志物和尾状核固有的乙酰胆碱能细胞标志物似乎有所损失，新皮层中的突触后血清素受体也发生了变化。这些损失伴随着来自基底前脑和脑干的上行投射标志物的相对保留。
