Oblowitz H, Robins A H
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1983 Jul;16(1):95-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02149.x.
Psychomotor performance and anxiety were measured in 70 anxious outpatients in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial comparing the 1,5-benzodiazepine clobazam (10 mg twice a day) to lorazepam (1 mg twice a day). Carefully selected tests were administered pre-treatment and at 2 and 9 days after treatment. Compliance was checked by blood assays. All three treatment groups (clobazam, lorazepam and placebo) showed a significant improvement in anxiety over the course of the trial. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of anxiety reduction. All three groups improved over the course of the trial in choice reaction time, digit symbol substitution test, Purdue pegboard test (both hands) and in the Inglis paired-associate learning test: there were no significant differences between the groups with regard to these tests. There was no change in critical flicker fusion threshold over the trial period in any of the three groups. The placebo and clobazam groups showed a significant improvement in two of the Purdue pegboard tests (preferred hand and assembly) from pre-treatment to 2 days but no further improvement at 9 days. The lorazepam group, however, showed no improvement in these two tests from pre-treatment to 2 days; a significant improvement only emerged between the 2-day and 9-day assessments. This might reflect an initial, transient sedation in the lorazepam-treated patients. Generally, we failed to demonstrate any consistent impairment in psychomotor performance with either clobazam or lorazepam in our anxious patients. These findings contrast with those obtained after administration of 1,4-benzodiazepines (e.g., lorazepam) to normal volunteers and they suggest that data from the latter cannot necessarily be extrapolated to anxious patients.
在一项随机双盲、安慰剂对照试验中，对70名焦虑门诊患者的精神运动表现和焦虑状况进行了测量，该试验比较了1,5-苯二氮䓬类药物氯巴占（每日两次，每次10毫克）和劳拉西泮（每日两次，每次1毫克）。在治疗前以及治疗后第2天和第9天进行了精心挑选的测试。通过血液检测检查依从性。在试验过程中，所有三个治疗组（氯巴占、劳拉西泮和安慰剂）的焦虑状况均有显著改善。在焦虑减轻方面，各组之间没有显著差异。在试验过程中，所有三组在选择反应时间、数字符号替换测试、普渡钉板测试（双手）和英格利斯配对联想学习测试中均有改善：在这些测试方面，各组之间没有显著差异。在试验期间，三个组中的任何一组的临界闪烁融合阈值均未发生变化。安慰剂组和氯巴占组在普渡钉板测试的两项（优势手和组装）中，从治疗前到第2天有显著改善，但在第9天没有进一步改善。然而，劳拉西泮组在这两项测试中从治疗前到第2天没有改善；仅在第2天和第9天的评估之间出现了显著改善。这可能反映了劳拉西泮治疗患者最初的短暂镇静作用。总体而言，我们未能证明氯巴占或劳拉西泮对我们的焦虑患者的精神运动表现有任何持续的损害。这些发现与给正常志愿者服用1,4-苯二氮䓬类药物（如劳拉西泮）后获得的结果形成对比，这表明不能必然地将后者的数据外推至焦虑患者。
