Marder J, Ben-Asher J
Comp Biochem Physiol A Comp Physiol. 1983;75(3):425-31. doi: 10.1016/0300-9629(83)90105-6.
In a comparative study on avian cutaneous evaporation, two species of Phasianidae, Japanese quail Coturnix coturnix japonica and chukar partridge Alectoris chukar, and three species of Columbidae, palm dove Streptopelia senegalensis, collared turtle dove Streptopelia decaocto and rock pigeon Columbia livia, were investigated. The skin resistance to vapor diffusion (rs) and cutaneous water loss (CWL) were studied in these birds exposed to air temperatures (Ta) between 20 and 52 degrees C. The skin resistance was measured with Lambda instrument diffusive resistance meter. Skin resistance within the thermo-neutral zone varied between a minimum of 62 sec/cm in the palm dove exposed to 20 degrees C and a maximum of 309.1 sec/cm in the partridge exposed to 36 degrees C. The CWL values were 2.5 mg H2O/cm2.hr and 0.51 mg H2O/cm2.hr respectively. Maximum CWL of the quail and partridge was 1.9-2.1 mg H2O/cm2.hr, equivalent to a cooling capacity of about 17% of metabolic heat production at 45 degrees C Ta. In the palm dove, collared dove and pigeon CWL reached 6.8, 13.1 and 20.9 mg H2O/cm2.hr and rs values reached 31.2, 16.2 and 9.4 sec/cm respectively. The cooling capacity amounted to 51.5, 86.1 and 96.5% of metabolic heat during heat stress (52 degrees C). The significance of skin evaporation in body temperature regulation of heat-stressed birds is discussed.
在一项关于鸟类皮肤蒸发的比较研究中，对两种雉科鸟类——日本鹌鹑（Coturnix coturnix japonica）和石鸡（Alectoris chukar），以及三种鸽科鸟类——棕斑鸠（Streptopelia senegalensis）、珠颈斑鸠（Streptopelia decaocto）和原鸽（Columbia livia）进行了调查。研究了这些鸟类在20至52摄氏度的气温（Ta）下皮肤对水汽扩散的阻力（rs）和皮肤失水量（CWL）。使用Lambda仪器扩散阻力仪测量皮肤阻力。在热中性区内，皮肤阻力在暴露于20摄氏度的棕斑鸠中最低为62秒/厘米，在暴露于36摄氏度的石鸡中最高为309.1秒/厘米。CWL值分别为2.5毫克H₂O/平方厘米·小时和0.51毫克H₂O/平方厘米·小时。鹌鹑和石鸡的最大CWL为1.9 - 2.1毫克H₂O/平方厘米·小时，相当于在45摄氏度Ta时约17%的代谢产热的散热能力。在棕斑鸠、珠颈斑鸠和原鸽中，CWL分别达到6.8、13.1和20.9毫克H₂O/平方厘米·小时，rs值分别达到31.2、16.2和9.4秒/厘米。在热应激（52摄氏度）期间，散热能力分别占代谢热的51.5%、86.1%和96.5%。讨论了皮肤蒸发在热应激鸟类体温调节中的意义。
