Gaillard J M
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1983;16 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):205S-230S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02294.x.
The role of noradrenergic cells in the regulation of paradoxical sleep is still controversial, and experimental data have given rise to contradictory interpretations. Early investigations focused primarily on chemical neurotransmissions. However, the process of information transmission between cells involves many other factors, and the cell surface is an important site for transduction of messages into modifications of the activity of postsynaptic cells. alpha-adrenoceptors are believed to play an important role in the control of wakefulness and paradoxical sleep. Experimental evidence suggests that physiological modulation of receptor sensitivity, possibly by specific neuro-modulators, may be a key mechanism in synaptic transmission. In the investigation of the mechanisms involved in paradoxical sleep regulation, lesions of the locus coeruleus have given equivocal results. Collateral inhibition, probably mediated by alpha 2-adrenoceptors, appears to be a powerful mechanism. The exact temporal relationship between noradrenergic cell activation and paradoxical sleep production is not established, but 5-HT appears to be involved. Differences between paradoxical sleep and waking may be related to a physiological modulation of alpha 2-adrenoceptor sensitivity.
去甲肾上腺素能细胞在异相睡眠调节中的作用仍存在争议，实验数据引发了相互矛盾的解释。早期研究主要集中在化学神经传递上。然而，细胞间的信息传递过程涉及许多其他因素，细胞表面是将信息转化为突触后细胞活动改变的重要部位。α-肾上腺素能受体被认为在清醒和异相睡眠的控制中起重要作用。实验证据表明，受体敏感性的生理调节，可能是由特定的神经调节剂介导的，可能是突触传递中的关键机制。在对异相睡眠调节机制的研究中，蓝斑损伤的结果并不明确。可能由α2-肾上腺素能受体介导的侧支抑制似乎是一种强大的机制。去甲肾上腺素能细胞激活与异相睡眠产生的确切时间关系尚未确定，但5-羟色胺似乎与之有关。异相睡眠和清醒之间的差异可能与α2-肾上腺素能受体敏感性的生理调节有关。
