Tyrer P
J Psychosom Res. 1983;27(5):385-90. doi: 10.1016/0022-3999(83)90070-3.
There is good evidence that many types of tranquilliser are effective in treating anxiety disorders that result from stress, but this evidence is not sufficient to recommend their use for acute stress disorders. Although there is little doubt that they will relieve the mood disturbance of severe mental and physical trauma, they may aid the process of denial. There is also a danger that short-term use of tranquillisers may progress to long-term dependence despite the initial intention of the prescriber. It is recommended that tranquillisers should be only used if the stress is severe enough to lead to marked changes in behaviour, is unpredicted and is likely to have a clear beginning and end. Benzodiazepines are usually the tranquillisers of choice but other drugs are available in patients prone to dependence.
有充分证据表明，许多类型的镇静剂对治疗由压力引起的焦虑症有效，但这一证据不足以推荐将其用于急性应激障碍。尽管毫无疑问它们会缓解严重精神和身体创伤引起的情绪障碍，但它们可能有助于否认过程。还有一种风险是，尽管开药者初衷是短期使用镇静剂，但可能会发展为长期依赖。建议仅在压力严重到足以导致行为明显改变、不可预测且可能有明确的开始和结束时才使用镇静剂。苯二氮䓬类药物通常是首选的镇静剂，但对于容易产生依赖的患者也有其他药物可供选择。
