Sterilization-associated deaths: a global survey.

Except for data from several geographically limited studies, little is known globally about the number and causes of death associated with surgical sterilization. To identify clinical characteristics and problems leading to deaths related to the procedures, the International Planned Parenthood Federation ( IPPF ) and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in the United States collaborated in a global mail survey of 4642 physicians. Usable responses were received from 1298 physicians (28%) in 80 countries. Fifty-five sterilization-associated deaths which occurred from January 1, 1980 to June 30, 1982 were reported. The most frequently reported causes of death were infection, anesthetic complications, and hemorrhage. There were some regional differences in the relative frequencies of these causes. Most cases did not involve surgical accident. The characteristics most frequently associated with the reported fatal procedures were: interval sterilizations, minilaparotomy incision, tubal ligation and general anesthesia. Most deaths were attributable to the surgical sterilization procedure.