The hormonal changes produced by duodenogastric reflux.

Serum systemic and portal venous blood levels of secretin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), somatostatin, insulin and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) have been examined in dogs with and without surgically produced duodenogastric reflux. Serum levels of secretin, VIP, insulin and PP showed no change, but reflux caused a significant elevation of GIP levels and a suppression of somatostatin levels in both systemic and portal venous blood.