Hall T R, Harvey S, Chadwick A
Gen Pharmacol. 1984;15(4):321-5. doi: 10.1016/0306-3623(84)90008-9.
Pituitary glands and hypothalami from broiler fowl heads were incubated alone or together with dopamine, noradrenaline or monoaminergic drugs (apomorphine, pimozide, phentolamine, isoproterenol and propranolol). The basal release of both prolactin and growth hormone was not affected by any of these amines or aminergic drugs. The co-incubation of pituitary glands with whole hypothalami consistently stimulated prolactin and growth hormone secretion. Apomorphine inhibited hypothalamus-induced prolactin and growth hormone release and the response was blocked by pimozide. Noradrenaline markedly stimulated hypothalamus-induced prolactin release, an effect antagonised by phentolamine. Thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulated the release of prolactin and this stimulation was reversed, in a dose-related manner, by dopamine. TRH also increased the release of growth hormone, in the presence or absence of dopamine. These results demonstrate inhibitory dopaminergic effects on prolactin and growth hormone secretion and stimulatory noradrenergic effects on prolactin release. These aminergic effects may be mediated at pituitary and/or hypothalamic sites.
将来自肉鸡头部的垂体和下丘脑单独培养，或与多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素或单胺能药物（阿扑吗啡、匹莫齐特、酚妥拉明、异丙肾上腺素和普萘洛尔）一起培养。催乳素和生长激素的基础释放不受这些胺类或胺能药物中任何一种的影响。垂体与整个下丘脑共同培养持续刺激催乳素和生长激素的分泌。阿扑吗啡抑制下丘脑诱导的催乳素和生长激素释放，且该反应被匹莫齐特阻断。去甲肾上腺素显著刺激下丘脑诱导的催乳素释放，酚妥拉明可拮抗该作用。促甲状腺激素释放激素（TRH）刺激催乳素释放，多巴胺以剂量相关的方式逆转这种刺激。无论有无多巴胺存在，TRH均增加生长激素的释放。这些结果表明多巴胺能对催乳素和生长激素分泌具有抑制作用，去甲肾上腺素能对催乳素释放具有刺激作用。这些胺能作用可能在垂体和/或下丘脑部位介导。
