Hall T R, Harvey S, Chadwick A, Scanes C G
Gen Comp Endocrinol. 1984 Dec;56(3):368-75. doi: 10.1016/0016-6480(84)90079-0.
In vivo prolactin secretion was increased in immature cockerels 20-30 min after the intravenous administration of prostaglandin (PG) E2 at a dose of 200 micrograms/kg. The addition of PGE2 to incubation medium had no direct effect on the release of pituitary prolactin during short-term (3-hr) culture, but augmented the stimulatory effect of hypothalamic tissue on prolactin secretion. The stimulatory effect of serotonin, noradrenaline, acetylcholine, and histamine on hypothalamus-induced prolactin release was also increased when pituitaries were coincubated with 10(-7)M PGE2, as was the stimulatory effect of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) and hypothalamic extract (HE). The long-term (24-hr) preincubation of pituitaries with 10(-7)M PGE2 reduced the responsiveness of the prolactin-secreting cells to TRH or HE stimulation. PGE2 treatment also reduced the stimulatory effect of hypothalamic tissue on prolactin release and diminished the stimulatory effect of serotonin on hypothalamus-induced prolactin secretion. A 24-hr preincubation of hypothalamic tissue with 10(-7)M PGE2 also reduced its stimulatory effect on prolactin release when subsequently incubated with control pituitary glands. These results demonstrate that PGE2 initially stimulates in vivo and in vitro prolactin secretion in the fowl, possibly by increasing the release of hypothalamic prolactin-releasing activity and/or by increasing pituitary sensitivity to provocative stimuli. Chronic PGE2 stimulation appears to result in a reduction in pituitary responsiveness to stimulatory influences and in the release of hypothalamic-releasing activity.
给未成熟公鸡静脉注射剂量为200微克/千克的前列腺素（PG）E2后20 - 30分钟，其体内催乳素分泌增加。在短期（3小时）培养期间，向孵育培养基中添加PGE2对垂体催乳素的释放没有直接影响，但增强了下丘脑组织对催乳素分泌的刺激作用。当垂体与10⁻⁷M PGE2共同孵育时，血清素、去甲肾上腺素、乙酰胆碱和组胺对下丘脑诱导的催乳素释放的刺激作用也增强，促甲状腺激素释放激素（TRH）和下丘脑提取物（HE）的刺激作用同样如此。垂体与10⁻⁷M PGE2进行长期（24小时）预孵育会降低催乳素分泌细胞对TRH或HE刺激的反应性。PGE2处理还降低了下丘脑组织对催乳素释放的刺激作用，并减弱了血清素对下丘脑诱导的催乳素分泌的刺激作用。下丘脑组织与10⁻⁷M PGE2进行24小时预孵育后，当随后与对照垂体一起孵育时，其对催乳素释放的刺激作用也会降低。这些结果表明，PGE2最初可能通过增加下丘脑催乳素释放活性的释放和/或通过增加垂体对刺激性刺激的敏感性来刺激家禽体内和体外的催乳素分泌。长期PGE2刺激似乎会导致垂体对刺激影响的反应性降低以及下丘脑释放活性的释放减少。
