Taichman N S, Dean R T, Sanderson C J
Infect Immun. 1980 Apr;28(1):258-68. doi: 10.1128/iai.28.1.258-268.1980.
A potent, heat-labile leukotoxic material was extracted from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (strain Y4), an anaerobic gram-negative microorganism originally isolated from subgingival plaque in a patient with juvenile periodontitis. The cytopathic effects of Y4 toxin on purified monocytes were studied by the extracellular release of radioactive cytoplasmic markers and cell enzymes and by time-lapse microcinematography. Y4 toxin rapidly bound to the cells, producing dose- and time-dependent alterations culminating in cell death and release of intracellular constituents into the culture medium. The evidence to be presented suggests that the cell membrane of the monocyte may be the primary target in the development of these phenomena. Previous studies have shown that Y4 toxin also kills human polymorphonuclear leukocytes but not other cell types. It is conceivable that disruption of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes by Y4 toxin in the gingival crevice area may be relevant in the pathogenesis of juvenile periodontitis.
从伴放线放线杆菌（菌株Y4）中提取出一种强效、热不稳定的白细胞毒性物质，该菌是一种厌氧革兰氏阴性微生物，最初从一名青少年牙周炎患者的龈下菌斑中分离得到。通过放射性细胞质标记物和细胞酶的细胞外释放以及延时显微摄影术，研究了Y4毒素对纯化单核细胞的细胞病变效应。Y4毒素迅速与细胞结合，产生剂量和时间依赖性改变，最终导致细胞死亡并将细胞内成分释放到培养基中。本文提供的证据表明，单核细胞的细胞膜可能是这些现象发生过程中的主要靶点。先前的研究表明，Y4毒素也能杀死人类多形核白细胞，但对其他细胞类型无此作用。可以想象，Y4毒素在牙龈沟区域破坏多形核白细胞和单核细胞可能与青少年牙周炎的发病机制有关。
