Effect of methylglyoxal bisguanylhydrazone on polyamine biosynthesis, growth, and differentiation of cultured keratinocytes.

The putrescine, spermidine, and spermine content of subcultured human newborn foreskin keratinocytes was determined during growth and early plateau phase and found to be highest during growth. Exposure of the cells to methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) during growth phase caused a dose-dependent fall in intracellular spermidine and spermine levels and an increase in putrescine levels at higher concentrations. These effects reflect inhibition of S-adenosyl methionine decarboxylase by the drug. At 8 X 10(-6) M the drug reduced incorporation of leucine into protein, lowered or stopped the accumulation of DNA per dish, inhibited mitotic activity, and increased the histidine/leucine incorporation into protein. The last effect is regarded as induction of keratinization. All these effects were reversible if the use of the drug was discontinued after 3 days. Inhibition of the enzymes of polyamine biosynthesis may have value in psoriasis therapy.