Tassi G C, Ghezzi E, Sorzini M R, Zappa M
Boll Ist Sieroter Milan. 1980 May 31;59(2):77-111.
The Authors outline the immunological and immunopathogenic bases of atopy, pointing out the possible mechanisms involved in the impaired control capacity on IgE synthesis (hyperreactivity of NK cells, histamine-H2 receptors interaction, adenylcyclase stimulation, etc.). The in vivo and in vitro techniques employed in the allergological diagnosis are examined, with particular reference to the more recent tests (RAST, RAST Spot Test, Histamine radioenzymatic assay, in vitro IgE spontaneous synthesis, etc.). The latest findings in the allergological immunotherapy are then surveyed, including both the antigen non specific immunotherapy and the relevant possibility of inducing a non specific suppressor mechanism of the IgE response, and the antigen specific immunotherapy, which, besides the classical (aqueous, retard) vaccines, exploits the monovalent allergenic extracts, the allergoids (formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde) and the modified allergens (urea, PEG/PVA, D-GL, polysaccharides, photooxydation).
作者概述了特应性的免疫学和免疫发病学基础，指出了在IgE合成控制能力受损（自然杀伤细胞的高反应性、组胺-H2受体相互作用、腺苷酸环化酶刺激等）中可能涉及的机制。研究了变应性疾病诊断中采用的体内和体外技术，特别提及了最新的检测方法（放射性变应原吸附试验、放射性变应原吸附斑点试验、组胺放射酶分析法、体外IgE自发合成等）。接着综述了变应性疾病免疫治疗的最新研究结果，包括抗原非特异性免疫治疗以及诱导IgE反应非特异性抑制机制的相关可能性，还有抗原特异性免疫治疗，除了经典的（水溶液、缓释）疫苗外，还利用单价变应原提取物、变应原类制剂（甲醛和戊二醛）以及修饰变应原（尿素、聚乙二醇/聚乙烯醇、D-半乳糖、多糖、光氧化）。
