Isolation and characterization of rough endoplasmic reticulum associated with mitochondria from normal rat liver.

A subfraction of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) characterized by its close association with mitochondria (MITO) was isolated from low speed pellets of normal rat liver homogenate under defined ionic conditions. This fraction enriched in MITO-RER complexes contained 20% of cellular RNA, 20% of glucose-6-phosphatase and 47% of cytochrome c oxidase activities. Morphologically, the isolated MITO-RER complexes closely resembled physiological associations between the two organelles commonly seen in intact liver. Partial dissociation of RER from mitochondria of the MITO-RER fraction was achieved by either EDTA (0.5 mM) or by hypotonic/hypertonic treatment of MITO-RER complexes. With the latter procedure approx. 70% of RER (RERmito) with 50% of ribosomes still attached could be separated from the inner compartments of mitochondria. This RERmoto exhibited a higher glucose-6-phosphatase activity than RER isolated as rough microsomes from the postmitochondrial supernatant. Isopycnic centrifugation on linear metrizamide gradients revealed that the mitochondria-associated part of RER corresponds to the high density, ribosome-rich subfraction of rough microsomes isolated in cation-free sucrose solution. The combined data demonstrate that a morphologically and biochemically distinct portion of RER is associated with mitochondria and support the concept of considerable intracellular heterogeneities in distribution of enzymes and enzyme systems along the lateral plane of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane system.