Leventhal B G
Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 1981 Apr(56):183-7.
Numerous attempts have been made at immunotherapy of sarcomas in man, and in most of these, tumor cells were used as a source of antigen. The cells were given by direct immunization with an adjuvant such as BCG or in adoptive immunotherapy trials in which tumor-immunized donors were a potential source of immune cells. These series of studies have shown consistent evidence of effect on the immune response of the patients to tumor antigens but no consistent clinical effect. Nonspecific immunotherapy has been less vigorously explored, but a current trial with interferon is potentially promising. The immune response to tumor antigens is surely a complex system of checks and balances. The methods investigators have used to date may have stimulated suppressor responses as well as or more effectively than cytotoxic responses to tumor. More precise immune modulation may indeed result in an effective antitumor response in man.
人们已多次尝试对人类肉瘤进行免疫治疗，其中大多数是以肿瘤细胞作为抗原来源。这些细胞通过与卡介苗等佐剂直接免疫给予，或用于过继性免疫治疗试验，在这些试验中，经肿瘤免疫的供体是免疫细胞的潜在来源。这一系列研究已一致证明对患者针对肿瘤抗原的免疫反应有影响，但未显示出一致的临床效果。非特异性免疫治疗的探索力度较小，但目前一项使用干扰素的试验可能很有前景。对肿瘤抗原的免疫反应无疑是一个复杂的制衡系统。研究人员迄今使用的方法可能既刺激了抑制反应，也同样有效地或更有效地刺激了对肿瘤的细胞毒性反应。更精确的免疫调节确实可能在人类中产生有效的抗肿瘤反应。
