Holm G, Jacobsson B, Holm J, Björntorp P, Smith U
Int J Obes. 1977;1(3):249-57.
In order to follow early metabolic adaptations in adipose tissue, which may lead to a decrease in fat cell size and body fat obtained by physical training, two sets of experiments were performed. Obese subjects and a control group exercised on a bicycle at two-thirds of maximal working capacity for one hour. Twenty-four hours thereafter, either on ad libitum diet, or on an isocaloric diet supplemented with calories corresponding to the expanded calories during the work load, an adipose tissue biopsy was taken and fat cell metabolism studied. In obese subjects on and ad libitum or on an isocaloric diet the lipolytic process was increased after the exercise but no significant effects were found on the rates of glucose metabolism. Furthermore, a relationship between cell surface and metabolism was found before, but not after, the work in all groups. No changes were seen in lipoprotein lipase activity. Obese subjects on a controlled diet showed a somewhat higher insulin and catecholamine responsiveness of adipocytes than was the case in the obese subjects on an ad libitum diet. This may well be due to the differences in carbohydrate intake, a factor of importance for hormonal responsiveness of fat cells. The increased basal lipolysis after exercise may be caused by the release of lipolytic hormones, and may well be the first sign of an adaption of the organism to diminish the fat stores as seen in physically trained subjects.
为了追踪脂肪组织早期的代谢适应性变化，这种变化可能会导致通过体育锻炼使脂肪细胞大小减小和体脂减少，我们进行了两组实验。肥胖受试者和对照组在自行车上以最大工作能力的三分之二强度锻炼一小时。此后24小时，要么给予自由饮食，要么给予等热量饮食，补充与锻炼期间消耗热量相当的热量，然后进行脂肪组织活检并研究脂肪细胞代谢。在接受自由饮食或等热量饮食的肥胖受试者中，运动后脂解过程增强，但葡萄糖代谢速率未发现显著影响。此外，在所有组中，运动前发现细胞表面与代谢之间存在关联，运动后则未发现。脂蛋白脂肪酶活性未见变化。接受控制饮食的肥胖受试者的脂肪细胞对胰岛素和儿茶酚胺的反应性略高于接受自由饮食的肥胖受试者。这很可能是由于碳水化合物摄入量的差异，这是影响脂肪细胞激素反应性的一个重要因素。运动后基础脂解增加可能是由脂解激素的释放引起的，这很可能是机体适应减少脂肪储备的第一个迹象，就像在体育锻炼的受试者中看到的那样。
