Kroese A B, van den Bercken J
Hear Res. 1982 Feb;6(2):183-97. doi: 10.1016/0378-5955(82)90053-3.
The isolated lateral-line organ of Xenopus laevis was used to study reversible effects of low concentrations of aminoglycoside antibiotics on sensory hair cell functioning. Extracellular receptor potentials and single fibre afferent nerve activity were recorded during stimulation of the lateral-line organ with sinusoidal water movements. The results show that dihydrostreptomycin in concentrations between 2.5 and 17.5 micrograms/ml caused an increase in spontaneous afferent nerve activity, probably by increasing the spontaneous transmitter release at the afferent synapse. In addition, the same concentrations of dihydrostreptomycin markedly affected the mechano-electric transduction process, resulting in a phase lag in th receptor potential, the magnitude of which increased with increasing concentration up to a value of 0.4 pi radians. The effect of dihydrostreptomycin on the amplitude of the receptor potentials depended on the stimulus frequency. Other aminoglycoside antibiotics, namely streptomycin, gentamycin and kanamycin, produced similar effects but at different concentrations. It is concluded that low concentrations of aminoglycoside antibiotics have a dual action upon the sensory hair cells. They increase the spontaneous activity by affecting the hair cell membrane and at the same time they impair the mechano-electric transduction process resulting in a large phase lag in the receptor potentials. The latter effect, which is antagonized by Ca2+, may be due to interference by the antibiotics with the mode of motion of the sensory hairs.
非洲爪蟾离体的侧线器官被用于研究低浓度氨基糖苷类抗生素对感觉毛细胞功能的可逆性影响。在用正弦波水运动刺激侧线器官的过程中，记录细胞外受体电位和单纤维传入神经活动。结果表明，浓度在2.5至17.5微克/毫升之间的双氢链霉素会导致传入神经自发活动增加，这可能是通过增加传入突触处的自发递质释放来实现的。此外，相同浓度的双氢链霉素显著影响机械电转导过程，导致受体电位出现相位滞后，其幅度随浓度增加而增大，直至达到0.4π弧度的值。双氢链霉素对受体电位幅度的影响取决于刺激频率。其他氨基糖苷类抗生素，即链霉素、庆大霉素和卡那霉素，也产生了类似的效应，但浓度不同。得出的结论是，低浓度的氨基糖苷类抗生素对感觉毛细胞有双重作用。它们通过影响毛细胞膜增加自发活动，同时损害机械电转导过程，导致受体电位出现较大的相位滞后。后一种效应可被Ca2 +拮抗，可能是由于抗生素干扰了感觉毛的运动方式。
