Sorg C
Immunobiology. 1982 Apr;161(3-4):352-60. doi: 10.1016/S0171-2985(82)80092-2.
Macrophage migration inhibitory factors (MIFs) of mouse and guinea pig have been thoroughly characterized with regard to molecular weight and isoelectric points. Several molecular weight species have been identified. In a comparative study with purified MIFs it was found that these molecules were distinct from a series of other lymphokines, particularly so from macrophage activating activities. Investigations on the molecular weight heterogeneity of MIF have led us to a transglutaminase-like activity which was found to be expressed in certain subsets of macrophages. The question whether low molecular weight factors are polymerized by this enzyme to oligomers is further investigated. Studies on the induction by lymphokines of interferon and plasminogen activator revealed a great heterogeneity of responding macrophages. In studies on the biological basis of the functional heterogeneity of macrophages, the question was investigated whether the heterogeneity was due to different macrophage subpopulations or to intermediate relatively stable phenotypes on their way to maturity and senescence. To approach this question, the bone marrow liquid culture system was used as a developing system. Our data are summarized in a unifying model which takes into account the different constitutive and inducible functions during the cell cycle. Accordingly, lymphokines may act either as differentiation signals, as mitogens or activating signals.
小鼠和豚鼠的巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子（MIFs）在分子量和等电点方面已得到充分表征。已鉴定出几种分子量类型。在一项与纯化的MIFs的比较研究中发现，这些分子与一系列其他淋巴因子不同，尤其与巨噬细胞激活活性不同。对MIF分子量异质性的研究使我们发现了一种转谷氨酰胺酶样活性，该活性在某些巨噬细胞亚群中表达。低分子量因子是否被这种酶聚合成寡聚体的问题正在进一步研究。关于淋巴因子诱导干扰素和纤溶酶原激活剂的研究揭示了反应性巨噬细胞的巨大异质性。在关于巨噬细胞功能异质性生物学基础的研究中，研究了这种异质性是由于不同的巨噬细胞亚群还是由于它们在成熟和衰老过程中处于中间相对稳定的表型。为了解决这个问题，骨髓液体培养系统被用作一个发育系统。我们的数据总结在一个统一的模型中，该模型考虑了细胞周期中不同的组成性和诱导性功能。因此，淋巴因子可以作为分化信号、有丝分裂原或激活信号起作用。
