Saint-Cyr J A
Neuroscience. 1983 Nov;10(3):667-84. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(83)90209-9.
The cortico-olivary projection has been investigated in the cat with the methods of retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase and wheat-germ agglutinin conjugated with horseradish peroxidase as well as autoradiographic techniques using tritium-labelled amino acids. The projection arises from cells in cortical layer V and terminates mainly ipsilaterally and less densely contralaterally. The strongest termination site is in the caudal medial accessory olive adjacent to subnucleus beta. Projections to that area originate in the medial portions of areas 4 and 6 rostral to the cruciate sulcus. Regions of the motor cortex related to axial back and neck, proximal forelimb and face musculature plus the frontal eye field are represented in largely overlapping areas of the caudal medial accessory olive. A second zone of termination is present in the rostral olive at the junction of the ventral lamella of the principal olive and the medial border of the dorsal accessory olive. Projections to that area arise from a central portion of area 4 at the border between the anterior sigmoid gyrus and the presylvian gyrus. This area contains portions of the representation of the muscle groups controlling the neck and proximal forelimb (shoulder and elbow) only. The frontal eye field, which in the cat influences both extraocular and neck musculature, is also an important direct source of input to this portion of the inferior olive. Contralateral terminations are distributed symmetrically. Combining this information with the olivocerebellar distribution, cerebellar cortical areas corresponding to this direct cortical input are defined. Taking into account that the cortico-olivary fibers appear to arise only from those portions of the motor cortex involved in the control of axial and proximal forelimb muscles, it is suggested that the cortico-olivo-cerebellar projections play a preponderant role in the cerebellar control of posture.
运用辣根过氧化物酶逆行运输法、辣根过氧化物酶结合麦胚凝集素法以及使用氚标记氨基酸的放射自显影技术，对猫的皮质橄榄体投射进行了研究。该投射起源于皮质第V层的细胞，主要终止于同侧，对侧终止较稀疏。最强的终止部位位于与β亚核相邻的尾内侧副橄榄核。投射到该区域的纤维起源于十字沟前方4区和6区的内侧部分。与轴向背部和颈部、近端前肢和面部肌肉组织以及额叶眼区相关的运动皮质区域，在尾内侧副橄榄核的大部分重叠区域中均有代表。第二个终止区域位于嘴侧橄榄核，在主橄榄核腹侧薄片与背侧副橄榄核内侧边界的交界处。投射到该区域的纤维起源于前乙状回和前薛氏回之间边界处4区的中央部分。该区域仅包含控制颈部和近端前肢（肩部和肘部）肌肉群的部分代表区。在猫中，额叶眼区既影响眼外肌也影响颈部肌肉组织，它也是下橄榄核这一部分的重要直接输入源。对侧终止呈对称分布。将这些信息与橄榄小脑分布相结合，可确定与这种直接皮质输入相对应的小脑皮质区域。考虑到皮质橄榄体纤维似乎仅起源于参与控制轴向和近端前肢肌肉的运动皮质部分，有人提出皮质橄榄小脑投射在小脑对姿势的控制中起主要作用。
