McCulloch E A, Motoji T, Smith L J, Curtis J E
J Cell Physiol Suppl. 1984;3:13-20. doi: 10.1002/jcp.1041210404.
Hemopoietic stem cells may give rise to progeny like themselves or undergo determination; this event is followed by a series of maturation divisions ending in proliferatively inert but functional cells. In normal hemopoiesis and acute leukemia stem cell renewal is not exact; proliferative capacity is lost gradually. As a consequence, clonal populations cannot be continued indefinitely. Postdeterministic differentiation normally leads to cellular diversity; following transformation this diversity is increased, with the production of blast cells together with one or more myelopoietic lineage. The blasts are heterogeneous both in their proliferative capacity and their phenotypes, as determined using immunologically defined markers. Both self-renewal and determination are considered to be irreversible in vivo. By contrast, in continuous myelopoietic cell lines self-renewal is sufficiently precise to confer immortality on the populations. Furthermore, both determination and renewal may in some instances be reversible. The differences between normal or leukemic hemopoiesis in vivo and continuous lines in culture limits the value of the latter for studies of normal blood formation or the clonal hemopathies.
造血干细胞可以产生与其自身相似的子代细胞，也可以进行分化；此过程之后是一系列成熟分裂，最终形成增殖惰性但有功能的细胞。在正常造血和急性白血病中，干细胞的更新并不精确；增殖能力会逐渐丧失。因此，克隆群体无法无限期持续下去。确定性分化后通常会导致细胞多样性；转化后这种多样性会增加，会产生原始细胞以及一种或多种骨髓系细胞。使用免疫定义的标志物确定，原始细胞在增殖能力和表型上都是异质的。自我更新和分化在体内都被认为是不可逆的。相比之下，在连续的骨髓细胞系中，自我更新足够精确，使群体具有永生性。此外，在某些情况下，分化和更新都可能是可逆的。体内正常或白血病造血与培养中的连续细胞系之间的差异限制了后者在正常血液形成或克隆性血液病研究中的价值。
