Phelps M E, Schelbert H R, Mazziotta J C
Ann Intern Med. 1983 Mar;98(3):339-59. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-98-3-339.
Positron computed tomography is a noninvasive medical imaging technique. Biologically active, radiolabeled compounds are administered intravenously to patients and the distribution of the radioactivity is quantitatively measured. By using appropriate mathematical models and labeled compounds, quantitative measurements of local metabolism, blood flow and volume, protein synthesis, transport, receptor binding, drug kinetics, and concentrations can be obtained noninvasively. This technique goes beyond medical imaging; it allows local analytic assays of biochemical reactions. In the heart, the technique measures local blood flow as well as myocardial free fatty acid and glucose metabolism, and can clinically evaluate patients with ischemic heart disease or cardiomyopathies. In the brain, positron computed tomography can be used to examine alterations in blood flow and metabolism including ischemia and degenerative disorders (Huntington's disease and Alzheimer's disease), cerebral tumors, and epilepsy. In normal persons, positron computed tomography shows cerebral activations resulting from physiologic stimulation (auditory and visual).
正电子计算机断层扫描是一种非侵入性医学成像技术。具有生物活性的放射性标记化合物通过静脉注射给患者，然后对放射性分布进行定量测量。通过使用适当的数学模型和标记化合物，可以非侵入性地获得局部代谢、血流和血容量、蛋白质合成、转运、受体结合、药物动力学及浓度的定量测量结果。这项技术超越了医学成像范畴；它能对生化反应进行局部分析检测。在心脏方面，该技术可测量局部血流以及心肌游离脂肪酸和葡萄糖代谢情况，并能对缺血性心脏病或心肌病患者进行临床评估。在脑部，正电子计算机断层扫描可用于检查血流和代谢的变化，包括缺血和退行性疾病（亨廷顿舞蹈病和阿尔茨海默病）、脑肿瘤以及癫痫。在正常人中，正电子计算机断层扫描显示出由生理刺激（听觉和视觉）引起的大脑激活情况。
