Uri J V, Parks D B
Ther Drug Monit. 1983 Jun;5(2):219-24. doi: 10.1097/00007691-198306000-00013.
Semisynthetic cephalosporins, containing the methyltetrazolethiol substituent at the 3-position of the fused beta-lactam dihydrothiazine nucleus, can clearly produce disulfiram-like reactions in certain subjects who consume ethanol after treatment with these cephalosporins. So far, cefamandole, cefoperazone, and moxalactam have been repeatedly reported to produce this reaction, which is strictly related to the chemical structure of the cephalosporin. Similar to the characteristic symptoms and signs observed with disulfiram and these cephalosporins, increased acetaldehyde concentrations in blood were also measured. The phenomenon can be studied in an animal (rat) model. Patients experiencing these often frightening disulfiram-type reactions seldom need specific treatment; however, it is mandatory to strongly caution patients not to consume alcoholic beverages for a few days after treatment with these cephalosporins. Other aspects and ramifications of this phenomenon are also reviewed.
在稠合的β-内酰胺二氢噻嗪核的3位含有甲基四氮唑硫醇取代基的半合成头孢菌素，在某些使用这些头孢菌素治疗后饮用乙醇的受试者中，显然会产生双硫仑样反应。到目前为止，头孢孟多、头孢哌酮和拉氧头孢已被多次报道会产生这种反应，这与头孢菌素的化学结构密切相关。与双硫仑和这些头孢菌素所观察到的特征性症状和体征相似，血液中的乙醛浓度也有所升高。这种现象可以在动物（大鼠）模型中进行研究。经历这些常常令人恐惧的双硫仑样反应的患者很少需要特殊治疗；然而，必须强烈告诫患者在使用这些头孢菌素治疗后的几天内不要饮用含酒精饮料。本文还综述了这一现象的其他方面和影响。
