Hansen K S
Contact Dermatitis. 1983 Sep;9(5):343-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1983.tb04426.x.
In an investigation of 541 members of a hospital cleaning department, a prevalence rate of occupational skin diseases of 15.3% was found. During their hospital employment, 39.1% had a skin disease. Higher prevalence in the younger age groups can be explained by the selection of those with skin diseases for work away from the cleaning department. A large number developed their disease shortly after employment began. This was an indication that the observed prevalent conditions were irritant diseases. The distribution by diagnosis confirms this conclusion in as much as 75% of the occupational skin diseases were irritant dermatitis, 21% allergic contact dermatitis, and 4% monilia of the finger webs. The causes of allergic contact dermatitis were found to be formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde and chloramine in addition to nickel and rubber. Among the causes of irritant dermatitis were detergents, alkaline substances, acids and sodium perborate as well as hypochlorite and hypobromite combinations. In order to reduce occupational skin diseases among cleaning personnel, it is necessary to extend both local and more general prophylactic measures.
在一项对某医院清洁部门541名员工的调查中，发现职业性皮肤病的患病率为15.3%。在他们受雇于医院期间，39.1%的人患过皮肤病。年轻年龄组中较高的患病率可以通过选择患有皮肤病的人到清洁部门以外的岗位工作来解释。许多人在开始工作后不久就患上了疾病。这表明观察到的普遍病症是刺激性疾病。按诊断分类的分布情况证实了这一结论，因为75%的职业性皮肤病是刺激性皮炎，21%是过敏性接触性皮炎，4%是指间念珠菌病。发现过敏性接触性皮炎的病因除镍和橡胶外，还有甲醛、戊二醛和氯胺。刺激性皮炎的病因包括洗涤剂、碱性物质、酸、过硼酸钠以及次氯酸盐和次溴酸盐混合物。为了减少清洁人员中的职业性皮肤病，有必要扩大局部和更全面的预防措施。
