Sanders T A, Mistry M, Naismith D J
Br J Nutr. 1984 Jan;51(1):57-66. doi: 10.1079/bjn19840009.
Female rats were given throughout pregnancy and lactation a semi-synthetic diet, in which the fat was provided entirely by a soft margarine rich in linoleic acid (18:2 omega 6) or by mixture of butter and lard, and the influence on the fatty acid composition of fetal and pup brain and retinal phosphoglycerides was studied. The percentage of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 omega 3) was much lower but that of docosapentaenoic acid (22:5 omega 6) was correspondingly higher in the brains of the day-22 fetuses and the 21-d-old pups from the margarine group compared with those from the group given the animal fats. Similar changes were noted in the synaptosomal and retinal phosphoglycerides, being most marked in the ethanolamine phosphoglycerides. The remaining pups from two groups were weaned on day 21 post partum on to the same stock diet that contained preformed 22:6 omega 3. After 9 weeks of this diet, the differences between the two groups in the fatty acid composition of the brain phosphoglycerides were barely discernible. The percentage of 22:5 omega 6 had decreased and had been replaced by 22:6 omega 3. It is concluded that the consequences of consuming a diet rich in linoleic acid and almost devoid of 22:6 omega 3 on brain fatty acid composition deserve consideration in man.
在整个怀孕和哺乳期间，给雌性大鼠喂食一种半合成饮食，其中的脂肪完全由富含亚油酸（18:2 ω6）的软质人造黄油或黄油与猪油的混合物提供，并研究其对胎儿以及幼崽大脑和视网膜磷酸甘油酯脂肪酸组成的影响。与食用动物脂肪组的胎儿和幼崽相比，人造黄油组第22天胎儿和21日龄幼崽大脑中二十二碳六烯酸（22:6 ω3）的百分比要低得多，而二十二碳五烯酸（22:5 ω6）的百分比则相应较高。在突触体和视网膜磷酸甘油酯中也观察到了类似变化，在乙醇胺磷酸甘油酯中最为明显。产后第21天，将两组其余的幼崽断奶，改为喂食含有预制二十二碳六烯酸（22:6 ω3）的相同基础日粮。经过9周这种日粮喂养后，两组大脑磷酸甘油酯脂肪酸组成的差异几乎难以辨别。二十二碳五烯酸（22:5 ω6）的百分比下降，并被二十二碳六烯酸（22:6 ω3）所取代。得出的结论是，食用富含亚油酸且几乎不含二十二碳六烯酸（22:6 ω3）的饮食对大脑脂肪酸组成的影响值得人类关注。
