Abel M S
Crit Rev Diagn Imaging. 1984;20(4):311-52.
Chronic low back pain is frequent, ubiquitous, intermittent and usually difficult to categorize. Aside from the minority of cases with specific inflammatory or neoplastic causes, its etiology is usually vague and its radiographic evaluation obscure on routine films of the lumbar spine. For almost 50 years it has been known that disc disease was a significant etiologic factor. More recently, abnormal zygapophyseal joints have been pinpointed as specific areas of causation of low back pain. Other posterior element lesions associated with low back pain include facet fractures, interarticular isthmus defects, and laminar and pedicular fracture deformities. The radiographic demonstration of these lesions may require axially angled oblique views, vertebral arch views, and motion studies added to the standard projections. CT and apohyseal joint arthrography have been especially helpful.
慢性下腰痛很常见、普遍存在、呈间歇性且通常难以归类。除了少数由特定炎症或肿瘤病因引起的病例外，其病因通常模糊不清，腰椎常规X线片上的影像学评估也不明确。近50年来，人们已经知道椎间盘疾病是一个重要的病因因素。最近，关节突关节异常已被确定为下腰痛的特定病因部位。与下腰痛相关的其他后部结构病变包括小关节骨折、峡部裂、椎板和椎弓根骨折畸形。这些病变的影像学显示可能需要在标准投照基础上增加轴向斜位片、椎弓根视图和动态研究。CT和关节突关节造影尤其有用。
