Leung K N, Ada G L
Scand J Immunol. 1980;12(2):129-39. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.1980.tb00049.x.
The kinetics of sensitization and elicitation of delayed-type hypersensitivity in mice to both infectious and non-infectious preparations of influenza virus was found to be similar to that of some protein antigens and to other viruses. Sensitization was achieved without added adjuvant. Maximum DTH was elicited in the footpad 6 days after sensitization. Adoptive transfer experiments showed that the effector cells were in the Ig-negative fraction of the spleen and were sensitive to anti-theta and complement. A comparison was made of conditions for the generation of DTH activity with cytotoxic T cells. The route of inoculation was important. With a high dose (10(3) HAU) of virus, subcutaneous inoculation was the most efficient and intravenous injection the least efficient for sensitizing for DTH, whereas the reverse was found for cytotoxic T-cell generation. Second, treatment of mice with cyclophosphamide (Cy) had differential effects. Preinjection of a large dose (200 mg/kg) into mice 2 days before sensitization with virus resulted in an increase in the DTH response and a 90% reduction in cytotoxic T-cell activity in the spleens of the treated mice. The Cy-injected mice had reduced (70%) anti-haemagglutinin levels compared with the controls. This may be the explanation for the enhanced DTH response, since transfer of specific antibody to sensitized mice before injection of the eliciting virus substantially reduced the DTH response. Pretreatment with Cy did not affect the generation of DTH effector cells, since spleen cells from these and control mice had similar levels of activity.
已发现，小鼠对流感病毒的传染性和非传染性制剂产生迟发型超敏反应的致敏和激发动力学，与某些蛋白质抗原及其他病毒的情况相似。致敏过程无需添加佐剂。致敏后6天，足垫中可引发最大程度的迟发型超敏反应。过继转移实验表明，效应细胞存在于脾脏的Ig阴性部分，且对抗θ血清和补体敏感。对迟发型超敏反应活性与细胞毒性T细胞产生的条件进行了比较。接种途径很重要。对于高剂量（10³血凝素单位）的病毒，皮下接种对迟发型超敏反应致敏最为有效，静脉注射最无效，而在细胞毒性T细胞产生方面则情况相反。其次，用环磷酰胺（Cy）处理小鼠有不同的效果。在病毒致敏前2天给小鼠预先注射大剂量（200mg/kg）的环磷酰胺，可使处理小鼠脾脏中的迟发型超敏反应增强，细胞毒性T细胞活性降低90%。与对照组相比，注射环磷酰胺的小鼠抗血凝素水平降低了70%。这可能是迟发型超敏反应增强的原因，因为在注射激发病毒前，将特异性抗体转移至致敏小鼠可显著降低迟发型超敏反应。用环磷酰胺预处理并不影响迟发型超敏反应效应细胞的产生，因为来自这些小鼠和对照小鼠的脾细胞具有相似的活性水平。
