环境变量和土壤特性对土壤中病毒存活的影响。
Effects of environmental variables and soil characteristics on virus survival in soil.
作者信息
Hurst C J, Gerba C P, Cech I
出版信息
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1980 Dec;40(6):1067-79. doi: 10.1128/aem.40.6.1067-1079.1980.
Because of the increasing emphasis placed upon land application as a means of wastewater disposal, it is important to evaluate the influences of different factors upon virus survival in soil. The objective of this study was to measure the effects of various environmental variables on virus persistence. Test samples of soil were placed in vials, and the soil was wetted with suspensions of virus in either distilled water, unchlorinated secondary sewage effluent, or mixtures of effluent and water. The viruses used were coxsackieviruses A9 and B3, echovirus 1, poliovirus 2, rotavirus SA11, and bacteriophages T2 and MS2. The rate of virus inactivation was evaluated statistically with regard to conditions under which the vials were incubated and to the soil characteristics. The factors that were found to influence virus survival were temperature, soil moisture content, presence of aerobic microorganisms, degree of virus adsorption to the soil, soil levels of resin-extractable phosphorus, exchangeable aluminium, and soil pH. Overall, temperature and virus adsorption to soil appeared to be the most important factors affecting virus survival.
由于越来越强调将土地应用作为废水处理的一种方式，评估不同因素对土壤中病毒存活的影响很重要。本研究的目的是测量各种环境变量对病毒持久性的影响。将土壤测试样品置于小瓶中，并用病毒悬浮液湿润土壤，病毒悬浮液分别用蒸馏水、未氯化的二级污水流出物或流出物与水的混合物配制。所使用的病毒有柯萨奇病毒A9和B3、埃可病毒1、脊髓灰质炎病毒2、轮状病毒SA11以及噬菌体T2和MS2。根据小瓶的培养条件和土壤特性，对病毒失活率进行了统计学评估。发现影响病毒存活的因素有温度、土壤含水量、需氧微生物的存在、病毒对土壤的吸附程度、土壤中树脂可提取磷的含量、可交换铝的含量以及土壤pH值。总体而言，温度和病毒对土壤的吸附似乎是影响病毒存活的最重要因素。
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