Bergh N P, Gatzinsky P, Larsson S, Lundin P, Ridell B
Ann Thorac Surg. 1978 Feb;25(2):107-11. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4975(10)63500-x.
In a series of 82 patients with tumors of the thymus and thymic region there were 11 with teratomas and germinal tumors. Four of these patients had benign cystic teratomas, 4 had malignant teratomas, 1 had an embryonal carcinoma, and 2 had seminomas. The benign teratomas were removed by simple extirpation without complications. The malignant teratomas were highly invasive, and despite extensive operations and postoperative radiotherapy, 3 of the 4 patients died within 9 months. One patient with predominantly seminomatous differentation of the teratoma was alive and well more than 3 years after the operation. The patient with an embryonal carcinoma died after 4 months. One of the 2 patients with seminoma remained alive 20 years after radical excision and postoperative radiotherapy. The other, who had a huge seminoma, died during operation. The prognosis in patients with seminomas or with predominantly seminomatous structures in teratomas seems to be good after combined radical excision and radiotherapy, although nonradical resection followed by raditherapy may be justified in high-risk patients.
在一组82例胸腺及胸腺区域肿瘤患者中，有11例患有畸胎瘤和生殖细胞瘤。其中4例患者为良性囊性畸胎瘤，4例为恶性畸胎瘤，1例为胚胎癌，2例为精原细胞瘤。良性畸胎瘤通过单纯切除即可，无并发症。恶性畸胎瘤具有高度侵袭性，尽管进行了广泛的手术及术后放疗，但4例患者中有3例在9个月内死亡。1例畸胎瘤以精原细胞瘤为主的患者术后3年多仍存活且状况良好。患有胚胎癌的患者在4个月后死亡。2例精原细胞瘤患者中，1例在根治性切除及术后放疗后存活了20年。另1例患有巨大精原细胞瘤的患者在手术中死亡。精原细胞瘤患者或畸胎瘤中以精原细胞瘤为主的结构的患者，在联合根治性切除和放疗后预后似乎良好，尽管对于高危患者，非根治性切除后再进行放疗可能也是合理的。
