Slovis T L, Philippart A I, Cushing B, Das L, Perlmutter A D, Reed J O, Wilner H I, Kroovand R L, Farooki Z Q
Radiology. 1981 Sep;140(3):767-72. doi: 10.1148/radiology.140.3.6269145.
Ultrasonography was used to examine 81 children with intra-abdominal or retroperitoneal malignancies for tumor extension into the inferior vena cava (IVC). In seven of the 18 patients with Wilms tumors and three of the seven patients with hepatic tumors, the IVC ws sonographically abnormal. Venography was also performed in five patients with Wilms tumors. However, percutaneous transfemoral venacavography did not always allow differentiation between extrinsic compression and intracaval tumor. It is suggested that venacavography, when necessary, should be performed via the brachial vein route and that the catheter be advanced into the right atrium. If an injection in this chamber does not result in enough reflux into the retrohepatic IVC for adequate evaluation, the catheter should be advanced into the IVC and a second injection made. However, ultrasonography is the preferred modality for evaluation of the IVC in children because it is the most accurate method and is noninvasive. Real-time ultrasonography makes it possible to distinguish between tumor extension into the lumen of the IVC and extrinsic compression of the vessel.
超声检查用于检查81例患有腹腔内或腹膜后恶性肿瘤的儿童，以确定肿瘤是否延伸至下腔静脉（IVC）。在18例肾母细胞瘤患者中的7例以及7例肝肿瘤患者中的3例中，IVC的超声检查结果异常。对5例肾母细胞瘤患者也进行了静脉造影。然而，经皮股静脉腔静脉造影并不总能区分外部压迫和腔内肿瘤。建议必要时应通过肱静脉途径进行腔静脉造影，并将导管推进至右心房。如果在此腔室内注射不能使足够的造影剂回流至肝后IVC以进行充分评估，则应将导管推进至IVC并进行第二次注射。然而，超声检查是评估儿童IVC的首选方式，因为它是最准确的方法且无创。实时超声检查能够区分肿瘤延伸至IVC管腔和血管的外部压迫。
