Wastell D G
Biol Psychol. 1981 Dec;13:51-69. doi: 10.1016/0301-0511(81)90027-2.
The contribution of EP research to the mind-brain problem is considered. The view is promoted that the scalp EP represents a macroscopic rescaling of patterns of activity in cortical columns, which are held by many workers to be the functional units of the neo-cortex. Implicit in re-scaling operations though is a loss of degrees of freedom. However, in reducing the dimensionality of the EP to a comparable order to that of the molar phenomena of behavior, it is argued that this loss may be regarded constructively as potentially facilitating the successful forging of mind-brain correlations. Various techniques are reviewed for extracting the dimensions of scalp activity, including those based on electric field theory which are argued to have high face validity. The multivariate approach is also surveyed. Principal components analysis, in particular, is evaluated using simulated data. The limitations of the method are pointed up. Caution is advised in the design of a PCA, and in the interpretation of factors. The use of discriminant analysis in combination with MANOVA is suggested as a more appropriate multivariate strategy.
本文探讨了事件相关电位（EP）研究对心脑问题的贡献。文中提出一种观点，即头皮事件相关电位代表了皮质柱活动模式的宏观重标度，许多研究者认为皮质柱是新皮质的功能单位。然而，重标度操作中隐含着自由度的损失。不过，在将事件相关电位的维度降低到与行为的整体现象相当的水平时，有人认为这种损失可以被建设性地视为可能有助于成功建立心脑关联。本文回顾了多种提取头皮活动维度的技术，包括基于电场理论的技术，这些技术被认为具有较高的表面效度。本文还探讨了多元方法。特别地，使用模拟数据对主成分分析进行了评估，并指出了该方法的局限性。建议在主成分分析的设计和因子解释中保持谨慎。有人建议将判别分析与多变量方差分析结合使用，作为一种更合适的多元策略。
