Wright R C
J Hyg (Lond). 1982 Aug;89(1):69-78. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400070558.
The levels of faecal coliforms (FC), indole-positive FC (presumptive Escherichia coli), faecal streptococci (FS), Streptococcus faecalis and Clostridium perfringens in the natural water sources used by 29 rural settlements in Sierra Leone were investigated. Levels of the same indicators in human faeces were also investigated. The incidence of Salmonella spp. in both habitats and the temperature, pH and conductivity of water sources were also recorded. All water sources were contaminated with the indicator bacteria, mean numbers of which occurred in the relationship FC greater than presumptive E. coli congruent to FS congruent to C. perfringens greater than S. faecalis. FC were also predominant in human faeces, the relationship of means being FC congruent to presumptive E. coli greater than FS greater S. faecalis greater than C. perfringens. The need for confirmation of FC counts obtained from water sources was indicated by the large number of positive tubes produced in the FC multiple-tube dilution test from some samples which could not be confirmed as presumptive E. coli. Salmonella spp. Were isolated from 13 water sources and 6% of faecal samples. Mean water temperature was high (26.2 degrees C), pH low (5.04) and conductivity low (34 microS cm-1). Presumptive E. coli was considered the most appropriate indicator of faecal pollution of the types of water investigated.
对塞拉利昂29个农村定居点使用的天然水源中粪大肠菌群（FC）、吲哚阳性粪大肠菌群（推测为大肠杆菌）、粪链球菌（FS）、粪肠球菌和产气荚膜梭菌的水平进行了调查。还调查了人类粪便中相同指标的水平。记录了两个栖息地中沙门氏菌属的发生率以及水源的温度、pH值和电导率。所有水源均被指示菌污染，指示菌的平均数量呈现出FC＞推测大肠杆菌≌FS≌产气荚膜梭菌＞粪肠球菌的关系。FC在人类粪便中也占主导地位，其均值关系为FC≌推测大肠杆菌＞FS＞粪肠球菌＞产气荚膜梭菌。一些样本在FC多管稀释试验中产生了大量阳性管，但无法确认为推测大肠杆菌，这表明需要对从水源获得的FC计数进行确认。从13个水源和6%的粪便样本中分离出了沙门氏菌属。平均水温较高（26.2摄氏度），pH值较低（5.04），电导率较低（34微西门子/厘米）。推测大肠杆菌被认为是所调查类型水体粪便污染的最合适指示菌。
