Voors A W, Webber L S, Berenson G S
Pediatr Clin North Am. 1978 Feb;25(1):15-27. doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)33528-3.
Essential hypertension, a highly prevalent and devastating disease, likely begins in childhood, and presumably might respond at this stage to general preventive measures. The problems encountered in the recording of reproducible blood pressure levels are largely of a quantitative nature, and involve instrument validity, observer (examiner) training, and the interaction between the child and the physician's office environment. The problems of early diagnosis of hypertension are related to the lack of long-term observations of children. Population percentiles of normal blood pressure values could aid in the early diagnosis of hypertension. For this purpose the method of blood pressure measurement in the physician's office has to be strictly comparable to methods employed in accumulating the percentile or reference observations. Repeated measurements under basal-like conditions are advised, and the weight or height of the child is more important for standardization than is age.
原发性高血压是一种高度流行且具有破坏性的疾病，可能始于儿童期，并且据推测在这个阶段可能对一般预防措施有反应。在记录可重复的血压水平时遇到的问题主要是定量性质的，涉及仪器有效性、观察者（检查者）培训以及儿童与医生办公室环境之间的相互作用。高血压早期诊断的问题与缺乏对儿童的长期观察有关。正常血压值的人群百分位数有助于高血压的早期诊断。为此，医生办公室的血压测量方法必须与积累百分位数或参考观察值所采用的方法严格可比。建议在类似基础条件下进行重复测量，并且儿童的体重或身高对于标准化而言比年龄更重要。
