Foegeding P M, Busta F F
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1983 Apr;45(4):1360-8. doi: 10.1128/aem.45.4.1360-1368.1983.
Clostridium botulinum spores were sublethally damaged by exposure to 12 or 28 micrograms of available chlorine per ml for 2 min at 25 degrees C and pH 7.0. The damaging dose was 2.7 x 10(-6) to 3.1 x 10(-6) micrograms of available chlorine per spore. Damage was manifested by a consistent 1.6 to 2.4 log difference between the most probable number enumeration of spores (modified peptone colloid medium) and the colony count (modified peptone yeast extract glucose agar); this did not occur with control spores. Damaged spores could be enumerated by the colony count procedure. Germination responses were measured in several defined and nondefined media. Hypochlorite treatment altered the rate and extent of germination in some of the media. Calcium lactate (9 mM) permitted L-alanine (4.5 mM) germination of hypochlorite-treated spores in a medium containing 12 or 55 mM sodium bicarbonate, 0.8 mM sodium thiosulfate, and 100 mM Tris-hydrochloride (pH 7.0) buffer. Tryptose inhibited L-alanine germination of the spores. Treatments with hypochlorite and with hydrogen peroxide (7%, 25 degrees C, 2 min) caused similar enumeration and germination responses, indicating that the effect was due to a general oxidation phenomenon.
肉毒梭菌孢子在25℃、pH 7.0条件下，暴露于每毫升含12或28微克有效氯的环境中2分钟，受到亚致死损伤。损伤剂量为每个孢子2.7×10⁻⁶至3.1×10⁻⁶微克有效氯。损伤表现为孢子最可能数计数（改良蛋白胨胶体培养基）与菌落计数（改良蛋白胨酵母提取物葡萄糖琼脂）之间始终存在1.6至2.4个对数级的差异；对照孢子未出现这种情况。受损孢子可用菌落计数法进行计数。在几种限定和非限定培养基中测量了萌发反应。次氯酸盐处理改变了某些培养基中的萌发速率和程度。乳酸钙（9 mM）可使经次氯酸盐处理的孢子在含有12或55 mM碳酸氢钠、0.8 mM硫代硫酸钠和100 mM Tris - 盐酸盐（pH 7.0）缓冲液的培养基中以L - 丙氨酸（4.5 mM）萌发。胰蛋白胨抑制孢子的L - 丙氨酸萌发。次氯酸盐处理和过氧化氢处理（7%，25℃，2分钟）引起类似的计数和萌发反应，表明这种效应是由于一般氧化现象所致。
