Russell A D
Welsh School of Pharmacy, University of Wales College of Cardiff.
Clin Microbiol Rev. 1990 Apr;3(2):99-119. doi: 10.1128/CMR.3.2.99.
Bacterial spores are among the most resistant of all living cells to biocides, although the response depends on the stage of sporulation. The development of resistance to some agents such as chlorhexidine occurs much earlier in sporulation than does resistance to glutaraldehyde, which is a very late event. During germination or outgrowth or both, resistance is lost and the cells become as susceptible to biocides as nonsporulating bacteria. Mechanisms of spore resistance to, and the action of, biocides are discussed, and possible means of enhancing antispore activity are considered. The clinical and other uses of sporicidal and sporostatic chemical agents are described.
细菌芽孢是所有活细胞中对杀菌剂最具抗性的之一，尽管其抗性反应取决于芽孢形成的阶段。对某些药剂如洗必泰的抗性在芽孢形成过程中出现的时间比戊二醛早得多，戊二醛抗性的出现是非常晚的事件。在萌发或出芽过程中或两者兼而有之期间，抗性丧失，细胞变得像非芽孢形成细菌一样对杀菌剂敏感。讨论了芽孢对杀菌剂的抗性机制及其作用，并考虑了增强抗芽孢活性的可能方法。描述了杀芽孢和抑制芽孢化学药剂的临床及其他用途。
