McCarthy D M
Ann Intern Med. 1983 Oct;99(4):551-3. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-99-4-551.
Ranitidine, a new H2-receptor blocking antihistamine, is pharmacokinetically similar to cimetidine, but its potency is about eightfold greater. The clinical response to ranitidine is more prolonged, largely because of potency and not kinetic advantage. Increased potency has not meant greater clinical efficacy: duodenal ulcer healing, at 4, 6, or 8 weeks of therapy, does not differ between ranitidine and the cheaper cimetidine. Compliance and overall safety appear excellent for both drugs at this time. The safety record and side effects of cimetidine, but not ranitidine, are well established. So far, side effects of ranitidine are minimal, and in some cases anecdotal, but they cannot be ignored. Emerging information suggests that, although the incidence and severity of certain side effects may prove different for ranitidine than cimetidine, the pattern of side effects is similar with both drugs.
雷尼替丁是一种新型H2受体阻断抗组胺药,其药代动力学与西咪替丁相似,但其效力约为西咪替丁的八倍。雷尼替丁的临床反应持续时间更长,这主要是因为其效力而非药代动力学优势。效力增加并不意味着临床疗效更好:在治疗4周、6周或8周时,雷尼替丁与价格较低的西咪替丁在十二指肠溃疡愈合方面并无差异。目前两种药物的依从性和总体安全性似乎都很好。西咪替丁的安全记录和副作用已为人熟知,而雷尼替丁并非如此。到目前为止,雷尼替丁的副作用极小,在某些情况下只是传闻,但也不能忽视。新出现的信息表明,尽管雷尼替丁某些副作用的发生率和严重程度可能与西咪替丁不同,但两种药物的副作用模式相似。