Beta-adrenoceptors in the rat kidney. Immunohistochemical study.

The direct histochemical detection of beta-blocker binding sites was studied in sections of rat kidney using an immunohistochemical technique developed in our laboratory. Frozen sections of rat kidney were incubated in a solution of (-)alprenolol, washed, exposed to fluorescent (-)alprenolol antibodies (FAA) and then observed at a fluorescence microscope. Strong fluorescence was found within the wall of renal artery and vein, but primarly in the artery. At the level of blood vessels (-)alprenolol binding sites were located chiefly in the media and in the intima. The renal glomerulus, the loop of Henle and collecting tubules appear to be free of any fluorescence. Consequently they do not have beta-adrenoceptors. On the contrary, the glomerular afferent and afferent arterioles, the cellular elements of the juxtaglomerular apparatus, proximal and distal convoluted tubules, are rich in (-)alprenolol binding sites. At higher magnifications the immunoreactivity appears to be located in the basal membrane of cellular elements which indicates that (-)alprenolol binding sites are membrane receptors. The direct immunohistochemical detection of beta-blocker binding sites in the kidney may offer useful information concerning the site of action of beta-blockers at the level of an important target organ for this class of drugs.