Lycke E, Kristensson K, Svennerholm B, Vahlne A, Ziegler R
J Gen Virol. 1984 Jan;65 ( Pt 1):55-64. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-65-1-55.
Attachment and neuritic transport of herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 (McIntyre) were studied in a cell culture system with dissociated cells of rat dorsal root ganglia. The two-chamber cell culture system containing a diffusion barrier penetrated by neurites of cultured sensory neurons permitted infection of neurites extending outside the diffusion barrier without exposure of the neuronal cell soma. HSV adsorbed to neuritic extensions and reached the neuronal soma within 1.5 h post-inoculation. Neuritic uptake and transport of HSV were inhibited in the presence of cytochalasin B. Internalization of virus in neurites was preceded by attachment of virus to the neurite plasma membrane. Neurites transported viral nucleocapsids (NC) through the diffusion barrier of the cultures. Destruction of the neuritic extensions before or shortly after peripheral virus inoculation blocked spread of infection to the cell soma. No infection was established when neuritic extensions were exposed to viral NC and NC were then not observed inside the neurite plasma membrane. Virus produced in neurons, when HSV was inoculated into the inner culture chamber containing the neuronal cell bodies, was transported as enveloped virus in cytoplasmic vesicles from the neuronal cell body towards the periphery. Schwann cells were infected by viropexis. Shortly after infection virions were observed in vacuoles of the cytoplasm.
在一个使用大鼠背根神经节解离细胞的细胞培养系统中，研究了单纯疱疹病毒1型（HSV-1，McIntyre株）的附着和神经突运输。双室细胞培养系统包含一个由培养的感觉神经元神经突穿透的扩散屏障，使得扩散屏障外延伸的神经突能够被感染，而神经元胞体不会暴露。HSV吸附到神经突延伸部位，并在接种后1.5小时内到达神经元胞体。在细胞松弛素B存在的情况下，HSV的神经突摄取和运输受到抑制。病毒在神经突内的内化之前，病毒先附着于神经突质膜。神经突将病毒核衣壳（NC）运输通过培养物的扩散屏障。在周边接种病毒之前或之后不久破坏神经突延伸部分，会阻止感染扩散到细胞胞体。当神经突延伸部分暴露于病毒NC，而随后在神经突质膜内未观察到NC时，则不会建立感染。当HSV接种到含有神经元胞体的内培养室时，神经元产生的病毒以包膜病毒的形式在细胞质囊泡中从神经元胞体向周边运输。雪旺细胞通过病毒胞饮作用被感染。感染后不久，在细胞质的液泡中观察到病毒粒子。
