亚胺培南、头孢他啶和头孢曲松在由对氨苄西林和氯霉素耐药的b型流感嗜血杆菌菌株引起的实验性脑膜炎中的药代动力学及治疗效果
Pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy of imipenem, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone in experimental meningitis due to an ampicillin- and chloramphenicol-resistant strain of Haemophilus influenzae type b.
作者信息
Sakata Y, McCracken G H, Thomas M L, Olsen K D
出版信息
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1984 Jan;25(1):29-32. doi: 10.1128/AAC.25.1.29.
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy of imipenem, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone were compared with those of ampicillin and chloramphenicol in rabbits with experimental meningitis due to an ampicillin- and chloramphenicol-resistant strain of Haemophilus influenzae type b. The mean bacterial colony counts in cerebrospinal fluid were reduced by 49% (-1.85 log10 CFU/ml), 92% (-3.37 log10 CFU/ml), and 92% (-4.30 log10 CFU/ml) after a single dose of imipenem, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone, respectively. The median peak cerebrospinal fluid bactericidal titers against this multiply resistant strain of H. influenzae were 1:4 for thienamycin, 1:16 for ceftazidime, and 1:256 for ceftriaxone. By contrast, no bactericidal activity was observed in cerebrospinal fluid and the mean concentrations of H. influenzae were either unchanged or slightly increased in animals treated with ampicillin or chloramphenicol.
摘要
在患有由对氨苄西林和氯霉素耐药的b型流感嗜血杆菌菌株引起的实验性脑膜炎的兔子中，比较了亚胺培南、头孢他啶和头孢曲松与氨苄西林和氯霉素的药代动力学及治疗效果。单剂量给予亚胺培南、头孢他啶和头孢曲松后，脑脊液中的平均细菌菌落计数分别降低了49%（-1.85 log10 CFU/ml）、92%（-3.37 log10 CFU/ml）和92%（-4.30 log10 CFU/ml）。针对这种多重耐药的流感嗜血杆菌菌株，脑脊液杀菌效价的中位数，硫霉素为1:4，头孢他啶为1:16，头孢曲松为1:256。相比之下，在用氨苄西林或氯霉素治疗的动物中，脑脊液中未观察到杀菌活性，流感嗜血杆菌的平均浓度要么未改变，要么略有增加。
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