Ito S, Lacy E R, Rutten M J, Critchlow J, Silen W
Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1984;101:87-95.
The morphology of the rat gastric mucosa superficially damaged by a 30-45 sec exposure to 100% ethanol caused over 99% of the luminal surface to be necrotic without extensive hemorrhage or hyperemia. However, this damaged area restituted or rapidly healed and the process was described. These findings were compared with in vitro gastric mucosae of bullfrogs and guinea pigs which were damaged with 1 or 1.25 M NaCl and allowed to restitute. The rat gastric mucosa showed evidence of cell migration within 5 min after ethanol damage and after 15 min as much as 50% of the denuded basement membrane was restituted. After 30 min about 75% of the mucosa was covered with cells and by 1 h there were only minor epithelial discontinuities. The in vitro frog mucosal restitution after hypertonic injury was slower and required 1-2 h to show appreciable cell migration and 4-6 h for completion of the repair process. Using chambered guinea pig gastric mucosa damaged with hypertonic NaCl restituted the necrotic surface almost as rapidly as the intact rat stomach necrotized with absolute ethanol. Since prostaglandin treatment did not prevent ethanol or hypertonic salt injury or affect the restitution process it was proposed that the term cytoprotection as it is generally used is not appropriate.
大鼠胃黏膜经100%乙醇暴露30 - 45秒造成表面损伤，致使超过99%的腔面坏死，且无广泛出血或充血。然而，该损伤区域得以修复或迅速愈合，并对这一过程进行了描述。将这些发现与用1或1.25 M氯化钠损伤并使其修复的牛蛙和豚鼠的体外胃黏膜进行了比较。大鼠胃黏膜在乙醇损伤后5分钟内显示出细胞迁移迹象，15分钟后，多达50%的裸露基底膜得以修复。30分钟后，约75%的黏膜被细胞覆盖，1小时后仅存在轻微上皮连续性中断。高渗损伤后体外青蛙黏膜的修复较慢，需要1 - 2小时才出现明显的细胞迁移，4 - 6小时完成修复过程。使用分隔腔的豚鼠胃黏膜，用高渗氯化钠损伤后，坏死表面的修复速度几乎与用无水乙醇坏死的完整大鼠胃一样快。由于前列腺素治疗并不能预防乙醇或高渗盐损伤，也不影响修复过程，因此有人提出，通常使用的“细胞保护”一词并不恰当。
