Salvi R J, Henderson D, Hamernik R, Ahroon W A
Ear Hear. 1983 May-Jun;4(3):115-29. doi: 10.1097/00003446-198305000-00001.
Sensorineural hearing loss is characterized by a relatively well defined set of audiological signs and symptoms such as elevated thresholds, abnormally rapid loudness growth, subjective tinnitus, poor speech discrimination, and a reduction in temporal summation of acoustic energy. Knowledge of the underlying neural mechanisms responsible for some of these auditory distortions has progressed substantially within the past 10 yrs as a result of physiological studies on hearing-impaired animals. Some of the important neurophysiological changes relevant to sensorineural hearing loss are reviewed. One important effect associated with sensorineural hearing loss is the broadening of the cochlear filtering mechanism which may influence loudness growth and the perception of complex sounds. The neurophysiological results may also provide new insights in interpreting traditional audiological data and help in developing more refined tests for fitting hearing aids or differentiating patients with sensorineural hearing loss.
感音神经性听力损失的特征是有一组相对明确的听力学体征和症状，如阈值升高、响度增长异常迅速、主观性耳鸣、言语辨别能力差以及声能时间总和减少。由于对听力受损动物的生理学研究，在过去10年里，对导致其中一些听觉畸变的潜在神经机制的认识有了很大进展。本文综述了一些与感音神经性听力损失相关的重要神经生理学变化。与感音神经性听力损失相关的一个重要影响是耳蜗滤波机制变宽，这可能会影响响度增长和复杂声音的感知。神经生理学结果也可能为解释传统听力学数据提供新的见解，并有助于开发更精细的测试，以适配助听器或鉴别感音神经性听力损失患者。
