Easmon C S, Hastings M J, Deeley J, Bloxham B, Rivers R P, Marwood R
Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1983 Jul;90(7):633-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1983.tb09280.x.
Intrapartum chemoprophylaxis with benzylpenicillin or erythromycin significantly reduced the rate of transmission of group B streptococci (GBS) from mothers colonized during pregnancy to their babies from 45% to 3% (P less than 0.001). None of the babies born to women who were given prophylaxis was colonized with GBS in the first 24 h of life. Six weeks after leaving hospital, however, 23% of the babies in the antibiotic group had become colonized with GBS compared with 44% in the control group. GBS strains resistant and tolerant to both benzyl-penicillin and erythromycin were found in this study. Intrapartum chemoprophylaxis breaks the cycle of GBS transmission at birth and may be useful in preventing early onset GBS disease, but is unlikely to affect late onset infections.
分娩期使用苄星青霉素或红霉素进行化学预防可使孕期携带B族链球菌（GBS）的母亲将病菌传播给婴儿的比例从45%显著降至3%（P<0.001）。接受预防治疗的女性所生的婴儿在出生后的头24小时内均未感染GBS。然而，出院六周后，抗生素组中有23%的婴儿感染了GBS，而对照组这一比例为44%。本研究发现了对苄星青霉素和红霉素均耐药和耐受的GBS菌株。分娩期化学预防可打破出生时GBS的传播循环，可能有助于预防早发性GBS疾病，但不太可能影响晚发性感染。
