Miller G P, Kohl S
J Immunol. 1983 Sep;131(3):1455-9.
Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated, yeast-like fungus which is pathogenic for man. The role of various facets of the immune response which prevent disseminated disease in most normal hosts is unclear. A chromium-release assay was developed using radiolabeled cryptococci to reexamine antibody-dependent cell-mediated killing of this fungus. For a small capsule strain this assay served as a qualitative measure of effector cell function and was correlated with an assay of lethal injury to the organism. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes rather than mononuclear cells were the most active effector cells, causing significant chromium release from the fungus at effector-to-target ratios as low as 3:1. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes and mononuclear cells from a patient with chronic granulomatous disease showed minimal antibody-dependent cell-mediated chromium release suggesting that the final fungicidal pathway may be similar in antibody-dependent and antibody-independent leukocyte killing of this organism.
新型隐球菌是一种有荚膜的酵母样真菌，可致人发病。在大多数正常宿主中，免疫反应的各个方面对预防播散性疾病所起的作用尚不清楚。利用放射性标记的隐球菌开发了一种铬释放试验，以重新研究针对这种真菌的抗体依赖性细胞介导的杀伤作用。对于一个小荚膜菌株，该试验可作为效应细胞功能的定性指标，并与对该生物体的致死性损伤试验相关。多形核白细胞而非单核细胞是最活跃的效应细胞，在效应细胞与靶细胞比例低至3:1时就能使真菌释放出大量铬。来自慢性肉芽肿病患者的多形核白细胞和单核细胞显示出最小的抗体依赖性细胞介导的铬释放，这表明在抗体依赖性和非抗体依赖性白细胞对该生物体的杀伤中，最终的杀菌途径可能相似。
