Sack R B
Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1983;84:111-7.
Antimicrobial therapy of travellers' diarrhoea with doxycycline or a combination of trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole is effective only while the drugs are being taken. There is no evidence that sub-clinical infections or exposures leads to the development of immunity while the drugs are being taken. When the drugs are withdrawn, an increase in diarrhoea attack rate occurs in those persons who were previously taking the drug. Therefore, the drugs are only effective for short-term use and would not be indicated in persons travelling for long periods of time. Both drugs can be taken once a day, and are therefore convenient to use. There are adverse side effects with these drugs: the possibility of developing a skin rash with TMP-SMX or a photosensitivity reaction with doxycycline must be balanced against the protection afforded. Although both drugs have an effect on normal enteric flora there is no evidence to suggest that this renders the individual more susceptible to other enteric pathogens.
用强力霉素或甲氧苄啶与磺胺甲恶唑联合进行旅行者腹泻的抗菌治疗仅在服药期间有效。没有证据表明在服药期间亚临床感染或接触会导致免疫力的形成。当停药时，之前服药的人腹泻发作率会增加。因此，这些药物仅适用于短期使用，不适合长时间旅行的人。两种药物均可以每天服用一次，因此使用方便。这些药物有不良副作用：必须在甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑引起皮疹的可能性或强力霉素引起光敏反应的可能性与所提供的保护之间进行权衡。尽管两种药物都会对正常肠道菌群产生影响，但没有证据表明这会使个体更容易感染其他肠道病原体。
